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| géogr. hist. duché {m} de Brabant | Duchy of Brabant [a State of the Holy Roman Empire established in 1183. Most of the duchy's former territories, are in today's Belgium except for the Dutch province of North Brabant] | |
| géogr. hist. pol. République {f} batave [1795-1806] | Batavian Republic [1795-1806] [successor to the Republic of the Seven United Netherlands, becoming the first of the "sister-republics", and later part of the French Empire of Napoleon] | |
| hist. pol. Couronne {f} de fer | Iron Crown [reliquary and one of the oldest royal insignia of Christendom. A relic from the Kingdom of the Lombards, used for the coronation of the Holy Roman Emperors as Kings of Italy] | |
| hist. pol. États {m.pl} généraux des Pays-Bas [1464] | Estates General of 1464 [the first parliamentary assembly of representatives of the constituent territories of the Burgundian Netherlands] | |
| hist. mil. naut. bataille {f} de Tchesmé [1770] | Battle of Chesme [first of a number of disastrous fleet battles for the Ottomans against Russia] | |
| archéo. hist. mil. butte {f} de Zuran | Žuráň [ancient burial tumulus, site of Napoleon's command HQ for the Battle of Austerlitz (since 2005, extraterritoriality of France)] | |
| hist. mil. pol. traité {m} de Brétigny [1360] [traité de Calais] | Treaty of Brétigny [Treaty signed in 1360 between King Edward III of England and King John II of France, marking the end of the first phase of the 100 Years' War] | |
| hist. mil. pol. bataille {m} de Marchfeld [1278] | Battle on the Marchfeld [1278] [decisive event for the history of Central Europe for the following centuries when the German king Rudolph I of Habsburg defeated king Ottokar II of Bohemia] | |
| hist. mil. pol. bataille {f} de Castillon [1453] | Battle of Castillon [decisive French victory in 1453 against England marked the end of the 100 Years' War. Considered the first major battle won through the extensive use of field artillery] | |
| hist. mil. pol. traité {m} de Paris [1796] | Treaty of Paris [1796] [between French Republic and the Kingdom of Piedmont-Sardinia during the War of the First Coalition] | |
| hist. mil. pol. bataille {m} de Wagram [1809] | Battle of Wagram [1809] [military engagement which ended in costly but decisive victory for Napoleon's French army against the Austrian army, leading to the breakup of the 5th Coalition] | |
| géogr. hist. mil. bataille {f} de Krasnoï [1812] [ou bataille de Krasnoje] | Battle of Krasnoi [1812] [also Battle of Krasny] [fought during the final stage of Napoleon's retreat from Moscow. The Russians inflicted heavy losses on the remnants of the Grande Armee] | |
| hist. mil. pol. guerre {f} des Deux-Roses | War of the Roses [series of civil wars in England between 1455 and 1487, when the House of Lancaster and the House of York fought for control of the throne of England] | |
| hist. mil. pol. campagne {f} de France [1814] | campaign in north-east France [1814] [Napoleon's final campaign of the War of the Sixth Coalition, ending in the capitulation of Paris] | |
| hist. calendes {m} | calends [first day of the month in the ancient Roman calendar] | |
| first-foot {m} | first-foot [tradition in N. England and Scotland: first person to enter the home of a household on New Year's Day] | |
| hist. mil. pol. bataille {f} d'Audenarde [1708] | Battle of Oudenarde [1708] [also: Battle of Oudenaarde] [great victory for the Grand Alliance over France in the War of the Spanish Succession] | |
| hist. Philippe {m} le Beau [1478-1506] [Philippe de Habsbourg] | Philip the Handsome [1478-1506] [ruler of the Burgundian Netherlands and titular Duke of Burgundy from 1482 to 1506 and the first Habsburg King of Castile (as Philip I)] | |
| hist. mil. pol. bataille {f} de Valmy [1792] [aussi : bataille ou affaire du camp de la Lune] | Battle of Valmy [1792] [also: Cannonade of Valmy] [first major victory by the army of France during the Revolutionary Wars, preventing the Prussian Army marching on Paris] | |
| arch. géogr. pol. château {m} de Christiansborg | Christiansborg Palace [in Copengagen, seat of the Danish Parliament, the Danish Prime Minister's Office, and the Supreme Court of Denmark] | |
| hist. mil. pol. bataille {f} de Brouwershaven [1426] | Battle of Brouwershaven [in 1426, was part of the (1345-1490) wars over control of the Low Countries and resulted in victory for the Duke of Burgundy against mainly English forces] | |
| géogr. hist. mil. bataille {m} de Bailén [1808] [aussi : bataille de Baylen] | Battle of Bailén [1808] [the first open-field defeat of a Napoleonic army - by the Spanish Army of Andalusia] | |
| géogr. hist. comté {m} de Zélande | County of Zeeland [county of the Holy Roman Empire in the Low Countries, covering an area in the Scheldt and Meuse delta (roughly today's Dutch province of Zeeland)] | |
| journée {f} internationale dédiée à la mémoire des victimes de l'Holocauste [le 27 janvier] | International Holocaust Remembrance Day [short for: International Day of Commemoration in Memory of the Victims of the Holocaust] | |
| hist. mil. pol. bataille {f} de Marengo [1800] | Battle of Marengo [1800] [French forces under First Consul Napoleon Bonaparte defeated and drove the Austrian forces out of Italy, consolidating Napoleon's political position] | |
| pol. ballotage {m} | [absence of an absolute majority in the first round of an election] | |
| cuis. béchamel {f} | white sauce [common name for the classic Béchamel Sauce] | |
| hist. la Reconquista {f} [la Reconquête] | The Reconquista [period in the history of the Iberian Peninsula between the Battle of Covadonga (718 or 722) and the fall of the Nasrid kingdom of Granada in 1492] | |
| hist. mil. naut. bataille {f} de la baie de Manille [1898] [aussi : bataille de Cavite] | Battle of Manila Bay [1898] [first major engagement of the Spanish–American War, ending the Spanish colonial period in Philippine history] [also: Battle of Cavite] | |
| hist. mil. compagnie {f} d'ordonnance | [first standing army of late medieval and early modern France; forefather of the modern company] | |
| dr. fin. autoliquidation {f} de la TVA [mécanisme] | reverse charge procedure [note on invoices where the customer is liable for the payment of the VAT] | |
| géogr. pol. duché {m} de Bourgogne | Duchy of Burgundy [emerged in the 9th century as one of the successors of the ancient Kingdom of the Burgundians] | |
| hist. mil. relig. bataille {f} de Civetot [1096] | Battle of Civetot [1096] [Seljuk Turks of Anatolia defeated the forces of the People's Crusade] | |
| hist. mil. pol. traité {m} de Campo-Formio [1797] | Treaty of Campo Formio [1797] [signed by Napoleon and the Austrian Monarchy, ending the War of the First Coalition and left UK fighting alone against revolutionary France] | |
| hist. mil. pol. siège {m} d'Orléans [1428/9] | siege of Orléans [1428/9] [the watershed of the 100 Years' War with a major victory for the French Royal Army with Joan of Arc] | |
| hist. mil. relig. siège {m} de Béziers [1209] | massacre at Béziers [1209] [also: sack of Béziers] [first major military action of the Albigensian Crusade] | |
| hist. mil. pol. bataille {m} de Vimeiro [1808] | Battle of Vimeiro [1808] [the British under General Wellesley defeated the French under General Junot, putting an end to the first French invasion of Portugal] | |
| cuis. veau {m} Marengo | veal stew [allegedly first made for Napoleon after winning Battle of Marengo] | |
| géogr. hist. mil. bataille {f} de Morgarten [1315] | Battle of Morgarten [in 1315, the Confederates of Uri, Schwyz and Unterwalden defeated a Habsburg army, laying foundation for future independence of the Swiss Confederacy] | |
| hist. mil. pol. bataille {f} d'Ayacucho [1824] | Battle of Ayacucho [1824] [secured the independence of Peru and ensured independence for the rest of South America] | |
| cuis. sauce {f} béchamel [aussi : béchamelle] | white sauce [common name for the classic Béchamel Sauce] | |
| horl. sci. conférence {f} internationale de Washington [1884] | International Meridian Conference [1884] [resulted in the recommendation of the Greenwich Meridian as the international standard for zero degrees longitude] | |
| géogr. hist. mil. bataille {f} de Smolensk [1812] | Battle of Smolensk [1812] [1st major battle of the French invasion of Russia, where the Grande Armée drove the Russian Army out of the city] | |
| hist. pol. traité {m} de Paris [1718] | Treaty of Paris [1718] [between the Regent of the Kingdom of France, Philip of Orléans, and the Duke of Lorraine, transferring ownership of lands in Grand Est and Saarland] | |
| hist. mil. pol. traité {m} de Paris [1856] | Treaty of Paris of 1856 [to end the Crimean War between the Russian Empire and an alliance of the Ottoman Empire, Great Britain, the 2nd French Empire and the Kingdom of Sardinia] | |
| géogr. Petites Antilles {f.pl} [aussi : Petites Caraïbes] | Lesser Antilles [a group of islands in the Caribbean Sea, most of which are part of an island arc between the Greater Antilles and the continent of South America] | |
| géogr. hist. mil. siège {m} de Badajoz [1812] | siege of Badajoz [also: 3rd siege of Badajoz] [one of the bloodiest sieges in the Napoleonic Wars, where Anglo-Portuguese Army forced the surrender of the French garrison] | |
| arch. géogr. tour {m} de Londres | Tower of London [also: His Majesty's Royal Palace and Fortress of the Tower of London] | |
| hist. mil. pol. bataille {f} de Hochstett [1704] [aussi : bataille de Blenheim ou deuxième bataille de Höchstädt] | Battle of Blenheim [1704] [major battle of the War of the Spanish Succession when the overwhelming Allied victory ensured the safety of Vienna from the Franco-Bavarian army] | |
| géogr. hist. mil. bataille {f} de Näfels [1388] | Battle of Näfels [in 1388, a decisive victory for the Swiss Confederacy and the last battle of the Swiss-Austrian conflicts] | |