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| hist. mil. pol. traité {m} de Fontainebleau [1807] | Treaty of Fontainebleau [1807] [secret agreement signed between King Charles IV of Spain and the French Emperor Napoleon, to drive the House of Braganza from and divide the Kingdom of Portugal] | |
| hist. mil. pol. bataille {f} de Brouwershaven [1426] | Battle of Brouwershaven [in 1426, was part of the (1345-1490) wars over control of the Low Countries and resulted in victory for the Duke of Burgundy against mainly English forces] | |
| géogr. hist. duché {m} de Brabant | Duchy of Brabant [a State of the Holy Roman Empire established in 1183. Most of the duchy's former territories, are in today's Belgium except for the Dutch province of North Brabant] | |
| hist. pol. traité {m} de Schönbrunn [1809] [aussi : traité de Vienne] | Treaty of Schönbrunn [1809] [also: Peace of Schönbrunn or Treaty of Vienna] [after France's victory at Wagram, signed between France and Austria, ending the 5th Coalition] | |
| math. pi {m} <π> | pi <π> [the symbol π denoting the ratio of the circumference of a circle to its diameter / the ratio itself] | |
| géogr. hist. Valachie {f} | Wallachia [also: Walachia] [historical and geographical region of Romania, situated north of the Lower Danube and south of the Southern Carpathians] | |
| relig. évêque {m} de Winchester | Bishop of Winchester [diocesan bishop of the Diocese of Winchester, one of the oldest and most important in England] | |
| hist. mil. pol. bataille {f} d'Audenarde [1708] | Battle of Oudenarde [1708] [also: Battle of Oudenaarde] [great victory for the Grand Alliance over France in the War of the Spanish Succession] | |
| hist. pol. maison {f} de Croÿ | House of Croÿ [a family of European mediatised nobility, elevated to the rank of Princes of the Holy Roman Empire in 1594] | |
| hist. Philippe {m} II le Hardi [1342-1404] | Philip II the Bold [1342-1404] [Duke of Burgundy and founder of the Burgundian branch of the House of Valois] | |
| géogr. Antilles {f.pl} | Antilles [archipelago bordered by the Caribbean Sea to the south and west, the Gulf of Mexico to the northwest, and the Atlantic Ocean to the north and east] | |
| hist. mil. pol. bataille {m} de Marchfeld [1278] | Battle on the Marchfeld [1278] [decisive event for the history of Central Europe for the following centuries when the German king Rudolph I of Habsburg defeated king Ottokar II of Bohemia] | |
| hist. mil. naut. bataille {f} de Lépante [1571] | Battle of Lepanto [1571] [fleet of the Holy League inflicted heavy defeat on the fleet of the Ottoman Empire] | |
| arch. géogr. pol. château {m} de Christiansborg | Christiansborg Palace [in Copengagen, seat of the Danish Parliament, the Danish Prime Minister's Office, and the Supreme Court of Denmark] | |
| hist. mil. pol. traité {m} de Paris [1796] | Treaty of Paris [1796] [between French Republic and the Kingdom of Piedmont-Sardinia during the War of the First Coalition] | |
| hist. pol. maison {f} de Valois-Bourgogne [seconde maison de Bourgogne] | House of Valois-Burgundy [cadet branch of the House of Valois, ruling the Duchy of Burgundy from 1363 to 1482] | |
| ethn. géogr. Aïnous {m.pl} | Ainu people [indigenous people of the lands surrounding the Sea of Okhotsk] | |
| hist. Philippe {m} le Bon [Philippe III de Bourgogne] [1396-1467] | Philip the Good [1396-1467] [Duke of Burgundy 1419 until death. During his reign, the Burgundian State reached the apex of its prosperity and prestige, and became a leading centre of the arts] | |
| hist. pol. Louis {m} XVI [1754-1793] | Louis XVI [1754-1793] [the last King of France from 1774 until he was guillotined and the fall of the monarchy in 1793 during the French Revolution] | |
| journée {f} internationale dédiée à la mémoire des victimes de l'Holocauste [le 27 janvier] | International Holocaust Remembrance Day [short for: International Day of Commemoration in Memory of the Victims of the Holocaust] | |
| géogr. hist. comté {m} de Zélande | County of Zeeland [county of the Holy Roman Empire in the Low Countries, covering an area in the Scheldt and Meuse delta (roughly today's Dutch province of Zeeland)] | |
| hist. béguine {f} | beguine [member of one of various ascetic and philanthropic communities of women not under vows founded chiefly in the Netherlands in the 13C] | |
| géogr. hist. pol. château {m} de Charlottenbourg | Charlottenburg Palace [was the Royal Palace in Berlin of the Hohenzollern, Kings of Prussia] | |
| géogr. pol. Saint-Martin {f} [aussi : le Pays de Saint-Martin] [un pays au sein du royaume des Pays-Bas] | Sint Maarten <.an, .sx> [a constituent country of the Kingdom of the Netherlands in the Caribbean] | |
| psych. sci. sociol. nomologie {f} | nomology [science of the laws of the mind] | |
| hist. pol. Guillaume {m} le Taciturne [1533-1584] [aussi : Guillaume I d'Orange-Nassau] | William the Silent [1533-1584] [also: William the Taciturn or William of Orange] [leader of the Dutch Revolt against the Spanish Habsburgs that set off the Eighty Years' War (1568–1648)] | |
| hist. mil. pol. Commune {f} de Paris [1871] | Paris Commune [1871] [after the Franco-Prussion War, soldiers of the National Guard seized control of the city and attempted to establish an independent government] | |
| géogr. hist. comté {m} de Hollande | County of Holland [originally a State of the Holy Roman Empire and from 1433 part of the Burgundian Netherlands] | |
| hist. mil. naut. bataille {f} du Solent [1545] [aussi : bataille du Portsmouth] | Battle of the Solent [1545] [inconclusive engagement (during the Italian Wars) between the fleets of Francis I of France and Henry VIII of England] | |
| hist. pol. relig. décret {m} de l'Alhambra [1492] | Alhambra Decree [1492] [also: Edict of Expulsion] [ordering the expulsion of practicing Jews from the Crowns of Castile and Aragon] | |
| géogr. hist. pol. royaume {m} d'Aragon | Kingdom of Aragon [a medieval and early modern kingdom on the Iberian Peninsula. In 1479, the crowns of Aragon and Castile were united to form the nucleus of modern Spain.] | |
| pol. oblast {m} | oblast [a type of administrative division of Belarus, Bulgaria, Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Russia, and Ukraine, as well as the former Soviet Union and the Kingdom of Yugoslavia] | |
| hist. mil. relig. bataille {f} de Hattin [1187] [aussi : bataille des cornes de Hattin ou bataille de Tibériade] | Battle of Hattin [1187] [also: Battle of the Horns of Hattin] [Muslim armies under Saladin captured or killed the vast majority of the Crusader forces, and re-captured Jerusalem] | |
| hist. mil. pol. massacre {m} de Samothrace [1821] | massacre of Samothrace [1821] [mass murder and enslavement of the Greek population of the island of Samothrace] | |
| hist. pol. Banquet {m} du Vœu du faisan [1454] | Banquet of the Oath of the Pheasant [in 1454, the Duke of Burgundy gave this banquet to promote a Crusade (which never took place) against the Turks who had just taken Constantinople] | |
| hist. Charles {m} III le Simple [879-929] | Charles the Simple [879-929] [also: Charles the Straightforward] [ King of West Francia from 898 until 922 and the king of Lotharingia from 911 until 923. A member of the Carolingian dynasty] | |
| géogr. Îles {f.pl} du Vent | Windward Islands [also: Islands of Barlovento] [the southern, generally larger islands of the Lesser Antilles] | |
| occup. pol. lord-chambellan {m} | Lord Chamberlain (of Household) [Br.] [most senior officer of the Royal Household of the United Kingdom] | |
| pol. comte {m} Marshall | Earl Marshall [eighth of the Great Officers of State in the United Kingdom] | |
| hist. pol. Charles {m} IV le Bel [1294-1328] [aussi : Charles de la Marche] | Charles IV the Fair [1294-1328] [last king of the direct line of the House of Capet, King of France from 1322 to 1328] | |
| géogr. pol. Victoire {f} [capitale et la plus grande ville des Seychelles] | Victoria [capital and largest city of the Republic of the Seychelles] | |
| arch. géogr. relig. cathédrale {f} de Durham | Durham Cathedral [also: The Cathedral Church of Christ, Blessed Mary the Virgin and St Cuthbert of Durham] | |
| géogr. îles {f.pl} Lucaye | Lucayan Archipelago [also: Bahama Archipelago] [an island group in the western North Atlantic Ocean comprising the Commonwealth of The Bahamas and the Turks and Caicos Islands] | |
| myth. Parques {f.pl} | Parcae [also: the Fates] [female personifications of destiny who directed the lives (and deaths) of humans and gods in Roman mythology] | |
| hist. mil. pol. bataille {f} de Saint-James de Beuvron [1426] | Siege of St. James [in 1426, as part of the 100 Years' War, England defeated France at Avranches. ] | |
| hist. mil. pol. guerre {f} des Cévennes [1702-1710] [aussi : guerre des Camisards] | Cévennes War [1702-1710] [also: War of the Camisards] [uprising of Protestant peasants during the reign of Louis XIV] | |
| dr. hist. Miroir {m} des Saxons | Sachsenspiegel [the most important law book of the Holy Roman Empire, originating around 1220 as a record of existing customary law] | |
| devant {prep} | past [by, in front of] | |
| hist. mil. pol. bataille {f} de Valmy [1792] [aussi : bataille ou affaire du camp de la Lune] | Battle of Valmy [1792] [also: Cannonade of Valmy] [first major victory by the army of France during the Revolutionary Wars, preventing the Prussian Army marching on Paris] | |
| hist. mil. relig. ordre {m} de Saint-Jean de Jérusalem [ordre des Hospitaliers] | Knights Hospitaller [Order of Knights of the Hospital of Saint John of Jerusalem] [Knights of Rhodes] [Knights of Malta] [Order of Saint John] | |