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| hist. la Reconquista {f} [la Reconquête] | The Reconquista [period in the history of the Iberian Peninsula between the Battle of Covadonga (718 or 722) and the fall of the Nasrid kingdom of Granada in 1492] | |
| intriguer qn. | to intrigue sb. [arouse sb.'s curiosity] | |
| hist. mil. relig. bataille {f} du Champ du Sang [1119] [aussi : bataille de l'Ager Sanguinis] | Battle of the Field of Blood [1119] [also: Battle of Ager Sanguinis, Battle of Sarmada, or the Battle of Balat] [Crusader army annihilated by the army of the Artuqid ruler of Aleppo] | |
| hist. pol. Couronne {f} de fer | Iron Crown [reliquary and one of the oldest royal insignia of Christendom. A relic from the Kingdom of the Lombards, used for the coronation of the Holy Roman Emperors as Kings of Italy] | |
| hist. pol. Bulle {f} d'or (de 1356) [aussi : bulle d'or de Nuremberg ou bulle d'or de Metz] | Golden Bull of 1356 [a decree which fixed, for a period of more than four hundred years, important aspects of the constitutional structure of the Holy Roman Empire] | |
| géogr. hist. pol. République {f} batave [1795-1806] | Batavian Republic [1795-1806] [successor to the Republic of the Seven United Netherlands, becoming the first of the "sister-republics", and later part of the French Empire of Napoleon] | |
| hist. pol. Guillaume {m} le Taciturne [1533-1584] [aussi : Guillaume I d'Orange-Nassau] | William the Silent [1533-1584] [also: William the Taciturn or William of Orange] [leader of the Dutch Revolt against the Spanish Habsburgs that set off the Eighty Years' War (1568–1648)] | |
| géogr. pol. duché {m} de Bourgogne | Duchy of Burgundy [emerged in the 9th century as one of the successors of the ancient Kingdom of the Burgundians] | |
| anat. méd. hexadactylie {f} | hexadactylism [the presence of six digits on one or both hands or feet] | |
| anat. méd. hexadactylie {f} | hexadactyly [the presence of six digits on one or both hands or feet] | |
| hist. mil. relig. bataille {f} de Hattin [1187] [aussi : bataille des cornes de Hattin ou bataille de Tibériade] | Battle of Hattin [1187] [also: Battle of the Horns of Hattin] [Muslim armies under Saladin captured or killed the vast majority of the Crusader forces, and re-captured Jerusalem] | |
| anat. méd. hexadactylie {f} | sexdactyly [hexadactyly] [the presence of six digits on one or both hands or feet] | |
| solliciter qc. [attirer] [curiosité, intérêt, attention] | to arouse sth. [curiosity, interest, attention] | |
| bible relig. apocryphe {adj} | apocryphal [of, or pertaining to, the Apocrypha. Of doubtful authenticity] | |
| arch. arts relig. retable {m} | reredos [structure placed on or immediately behind and above the altar or communion table of a church] | |
| arch. arts relig. retable {m} | altarpiece [structure placed on or immediately behind and above the altar or communion table of a church] | |
| mil. pontonnier {m} | pontonier [officer or soldier in charge of the construction of pontoon bridges] | |
| hist. pol. États {m.pl} généraux des Pays-Bas [1464] | Estates General of 1464 [the first parliamentary assembly of representatives of the constituent territories of the Burgundian Netherlands] | |
| arch. arts relig. retable {m} | retable [structure placed on or immediately behind and above the altar or communion table of a church] | |
| relig. chute {f} originelle | the Fall of Man [also: the fall of Adam, or simply the Fall] | |
| géogr. hist. mil. bataille {f} de Smolensk [1812] | Battle of Smolensk [1812] [1st major battle of the French invasion of Russia, where the Grande Armée drove the Russian Army out of the city] | |
| hist. pol. traité {m} de Paris [1718] | Treaty of Paris [1718] [between the Regent of the Kingdom of France, Philip of Orléans, and the Duke of Lorraine, transferring ownership of lands in Grand Est and Saarland] | |
| hist. mil. pol. traité {m} de Paris [1856] | Treaty of Paris of 1856 [to end the Crimean War between the Russian Empire and an alliance of the Ottoman Empire, Great Britain, the 2nd French Empire and the Kingdom of Sardinia] | |
| géogr. Petites Antilles {f.pl} [aussi : Petites Caraïbes] | Lesser Antilles [a group of islands in the Caribbean Sea, most of which are part of an island arc between the Greater Antilles and the continent of South America] | |
| géogr. hist. mil. siège {m} de Badajoz [1812] | siege of Badajoz [also: 3rd siege of Badajoz] [one of the bloodiest sieges in the Napoleonic Wars, where Anglo-Portuguese Army forced the surrender of the French garrison] | |
| hist. mil. pol. bataille {f} de Hochstett [1704] [aussi : bataille de Blenheim ou deuxième bataille de Höchstädt] | Battle of Blenheim [1704] [major battle of the War of the Spanish Succession when the overwhelming Allied victory ensured the safety of Vienna from the Franco-Bavarian army] | |
| pol. Ordre {m} de la Toison d'or | Distinguished Order of the Golden Fleece [Catholic order of chivalry founded by the Duke of Burgundy in 1430. Today, 2 branches of the order exist, namely the Spanish and the Austrian Fleece ] | |
| hist. pol. Frédéric {m} II de Prusse [1712-1786] [aussi : Frédéric le Grand or le vieux Fritz] | Frederick II [1712-1786] [also: Frederick the Great or The Old Fritz] [King of Prussia from 1740 until his death in 1786] | |
| hist. mil. pol. bataille {f} de Marignan [1515] | Battle of Marignano [1515] [Francis I, King of France defeated the Old Swiss Confederacy ending the War of the League of Cambrai] | |
| géogr. hist. pol. partage {m} de l'Afrique | Scramble for Africa [also: Partition of Africa or the Conquest of Africa] | |
| hist. mil. pol. guerre {f} des Deux-Roses | War of the Roses [series of civil wars in England between 1455 and 1487, when the House of Lancaster and the House of York fought for control of the throne of England] | |
| hist. mil. bataille {f} de Patay [1429] | Battle of Patay [in 1429, the culminating engagement of the Loire Campaign of the 100 Years' War, when the French cavalry inflicted a severe defeat on the English.] | |
| géogr. hist. mil. siège {m} de Québec [1759] | Battle of the Plains of Abraham [1759] [also: Battle of Quebec] [deciding moment in the conflict between France and Britain over the fate of New France, influencing the later creation of Canada] | |
| bot. cuis. T | | |
| géogr. hist. mil. bataille {f} de Krasnoï [1812] [ou bataille de Krasnoje] | Battle of Krasnoi [1812] [also Battle of Krasny] [fought during the final stage of Napoleon's retreat from Moscow. The Russians inflicted heavy losses on the remnants of the Grande Armee] | |
| hist. mil. pol. le régiment {m} des Gardes françaises | The French Guards [elite infantry regiment created in 1563 as part of the Military Household of the King of France, specifically to protect the monarch (and, later, Emperor Napoleon)] | |
| hist. mil. pol. guerre {f} de la Ligue d'Augsbourg [1688-1697] [aussi: guerre de Neuf Ans, guerre de la Succession palatine ou guerre de la Grande Alliance] | Nine Years' War [1688-1697] [also: War of the Grand Alliance or War of the League of Augsburg] | |
| hist. mil. pol. campagne {f} de France [1814] | campaign in north-east France [1814] [Napoleon's final campaign of the War of the Sixth Coalition, ending in the capitulation of Paris] | |
| hist. mil. pol. traité {m} de Brétigny [1360] [traité de Calais] | Treaty of Brétigny [Treaty signed in 1360 between King Edward III of England and King John II of France, marking the end of the first phase of the 100 Years' War] | |
| géogr. hist. mil. guerre {f} des Hameçons et des Cabillauds [aussi guerre des Crochets et des Cabillauds] [1345-1490] | Hook and Cod wars [1345-1490] [series of battles in the County of Holland between the Cod faction (the more progressive cities of Holland) and the Hook faction ( the conservative noblemen).] | |
| hist. pol. serment {m} du Jeu de paume [1789] | Tennis Court Oath [a pivotal event in the French Revolution. In 1789, the members of the French Third Estate voted "not to separate until the Constitution of the kingdom is established"] | |
| hist. pol. traité {m} de Karlowitz [1699] | Treaty of Karlowitz [1699] [concluded the Great Turkish War of 1683–1697, establishing the Habsburg monarchy as the dominant power of the region] | |
| hist. pol. relig. paix {f} d'Augsbourg [1555] | Peace of Augsburg [1555] [made the legal division of Christianity (Lutheranism or Roman Catholicism) permanent within the Holy Roman Empire] | |
| hist. mil. pol. traités {m.pl} de Tilsit [1807] | Treaties of Tilsit [1807] [2 agreements signed by Napoleon I of France ending the War of the 4th Coalition, with 1. Emperor Alexander I of Russia. 2. the King Of Prussia. Tilsit = Sovetsk] | |
| géogr. pol. Kirkcudbrightshire {m} [région de lieutenance d'Écosse] | Kirkcudbrightshire [also: County of Kirkcudbright or the Stewartry of Kirkcudbright] | |
| hist. mil. pol. traité {m} de Paris [1856] | Treaty of Paris [1856] [ended the Crimean War between the Russian Empire and an alliance of the Ottoman Empire, the United Kingdom, the Second French Empire and the Kingdom of Sardinia] | |
| géogr. hist. pol. royaume {m} de Castille | Kingdom of Castile [large and powerful state on the Iberian Peninsula during the Middle Ages. In 1479, the crowns of Aragon and Castile were united to form the nucleus of modern Spain.] | |
| géogr. hist. Galicie {f} | Galicia [once a crown land of Austria-Hungary, the nucleus of historic Galicia lies within the modern regions of western Ukraine] | |
| géogr. hist. pol. sac {m} de Liège [1468] | sacking of Liège [in 1468, after an uprising, the Duke of Burgundy ordered the town to be razed to the ground and a quarter of the inhabitants were killed.] | |
| hist. mil. pol. bataille {f} d'Austerlitz [1805] | Battle of Austerlitz [1805] [also: Battle of the Three Emperors] [Napoleon defeated the larger combined Russian/Austrian Armies, bringing the War of the 3rd Coalition to an end] | |